We have seen how Electrons were evicted from their happy homes in the interior of the sun. We have seen that they were so repulsive that they couldn't even stand the company of their own. What now? They search for a new home on the orbiting planets, moons and asteroids. All are fully occupied and refuse any additional guests. They move deeper into cold outer space. They would be content but new arrivals from the sun and larger planets keep pushing them right out of this solar system. Unfortunately they now must contend with electron visitors from the billions of other stars in the galaxy and are pushed to the perimeter of the galaxy.
    Now comes our lesson in the effect of forces. The total force of gravity is exactly equal to the total repulsion of all the free electrons. However, gravity is concentrated in certain areas from which electrons have departed. That gravity declines by the inverse of the square of the distance from its source as does the repulsion of the electrons. However the gravity is concentrated in star systems and the galaxy while the surplus electrons are more numerous outside the galaxies. The total effect of gravity is declining on the outer fringes of the galaxy just where the concentration of electrons reaches its maximum for a net repulsion between galaxies. That net repulsion would push the galaxies apart at an ever accelerating rate. The gravity of the star systems of the galaxies will continue to increase at an accelerating rate until a Super Nova results to re orient the material for a new cycle.
    Corey S Powell in a site posted August 11, 1998 explains the work of Saul Perlmutter of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Brian Schmidt of Australia's Mount Stromlo and Siding Springs Observatories in confirming the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe. At: http://www.discover/science_news/astronomy/quick.html
    The reason for the acceleration of the expansion of the universe is left to speculation. Is the "cosmological constant" something that Mandrake would pull from a hat or Alice would discover in the new found kingdom? There is general consensus that there must be an inter galaxy basic force of repulsion. However, it doesn't just happen like all the other silly theories, it is because that is the last refuge of the electrons and they are repulsion.